Karate techniques embody
many of the most rapid and effective ways of defending against,
and counter-attacking, an aggressor, but karate training goes beyond
the limit of self-defence when these techniques are combined together
in long sequences, or kata. Karate kata are built up from basic
stances, movements, strikes and counters, which are linked together
by more advanced actions, such as turns, evasions, combined attack
and defence, locks, throws and feints.
Every kata is given its own name. There are several
katas unique to each style of karate, in addition to the kata that
are practiced across different styles. However, the same kata can
be almost unrecognizable between styles, due to the different stances
and techniques.
Kata are performed in a choreographed pattern. Each
detail of the pattern is taught to the novice, and the sets of movements
performed last for up to a minute or more. These movements are carried
out in several different directions, however movement tends to linear
rather than circular (attacking and defending in straight lines).
Movement may be forward, backward, to the side, or diagonally from
the start position. Locks and blocks performed in one direction
are often repeated along the opposite axis to give an appearance
of symmetry, allowing the Karateka to practice techniques both from
hidari, the left and migi, the right.
Great emphasis is placed on perfection of every aspect
of the performance. Timing, balance, focus, economy and harmony
of the breath, body and spirit are the aims of the performer when
following the moves of the kata.
Although they are usually given as group performances,
there is no confrontation of opponents in a kata, which is designed
to be performed alone, so that no one but the self confronts the
Karateka.
Click to see list of names of karate
katas and their meanings
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